A urinary tract infection (UTI) can appear at any age, regardless of gender. Most cases are mild and easy to treat, but the risk of UTIs increases in frequency and severity as we age.

UTIs are bacterial infections that can spread to the bladder and kidneys. According to the National Library of Medicine, UTIs are the second most common type of infection in the body and the most common for those living in nursing homes.

An undiagnosed or untreated UTI can lead to serious complications for the elderly, so it’s crucial to find out what caused the infection, how it is treated, and how to prevent future infections.

UTI Symptoms to Look for in Seniors

Other health conditions can mask symptoms of a UTI. A delay in diagnosis can prolong treatment time and increase the risk of complications. The initial warning signs of a UTI will include:

• Burning sensation when urinating
• Dark or cloudy, strong-smelling urine
• Frequently needing to urinate, although often passing little

As the infection progresses, your loved one may experience:

• Blood in the urine
• Feeling tired or shaky
• Fever or chills
• Pressure or pain in the abdomen
• Unexplained confusion (delirium) or dementia-like behavior

In the early stages, a UTI might trigger mild brain fog or irritability. As the infection progresses, symptoms can quickly escalate into sudden or extreme confusion, agitation, or withdrawal. If your loved one has been diagnosed with a dementia-related condition, a UTI can exacerbate their symptoms.

If you suspect a UTI, seek healthcare assistance immediately. A doctor will require a small amount of urine for lab testing. The results could show the detection of a UTI, how severe it is, and what specific types of bacteria are involved.

At-home urine tests are less effective than ones given by a physician. If an at-home test is positive, call a healthcare provider to ask about next steps.

Treatment for UTIs (Skip the Cranberry Juice)

A UTI is caused by bacteria, and antibiotics prescribed by a medical professional are the only proven ways to eliminate the infection.

Drinking water is important to “flush” the harmful bacteria out of the system. While it might hurt to urinate, your loved one will start to feel better faster if they push non-caffeinated, low-sugar fluids and take their medicine.

Generations of women were told that cranberry juice is a natural remedy for recurring UTIs—the thought was that it could prevent bacteria from sticking to the bladder wall. Unfortunately, no direct connection has been confirmed.

You don’t have to throw out that bottle of cranberry juice in the refrigerator! It's a great source of vitamin C and antioxidants, and its anti-inflammatory salicylic acid can help reduce swelling. However, any fruit juice will be high in sugar and not a good daily beverage for a senior with diabetes. And for actual nutritional benefits, avoid the "cocktail" blends and look for "100% juice" on the label.

Tips to Prevent UTIs in Seniors

While cranberry juice is no longer considered a proven preventative method, other simple changes can boost urinary tract health. Try to make these tips a part of your loved one's daily routine.

• Fluids: 6-8 glasses of water or other liquid will keep bladder tissue healthy
• Regular urination: Seniors should fully empty their bladder several times a day
• Genital hygiene: Keep the genitals clean with unscented soap and never use talc or other powder products near the vagina
• Avoid scented products: Avoid wipes and bubble baths, which can cause skin irritation
• Bowel movements: Wet wipes help ensure thorough cleaning, and women should always wipe "front to back"
• Vaginal cream: A medical provider may recommend a low-dose antimicrobial cream or prescribe a topical estrogen product
• Catheter procedures: Follow infection prevention measures precisely

Visiting Angels Can Assist

Visiting Angels can support older adults with recurring UTIs and bladder control concerns. While we do not provide medical care, we can help:

• Monitor for early warning signs
• Remind them to change their underwear every day and take regular showers
• Document symptoms and potential medication reactions and report to a supervisor for follow-up
• Remind them to hydrate and take medications
• Assist with regular trips to the bathroom
• Meal plan for healthy eating
• Encourage physical activity

Our caregivers are also trained to recognize unusual episodes or patterns of confusion, agitation, or delirium. They'll report any changes in mood or behavior to their supervisor, who will connect with you if needed.

Don’t be afraid to ask for help. Contact us today to learn how we can provide professional in-home care for your senior loved one.